We y to money inequality into pieces because of changes in economic homogamy both before and after parenthood, and now we disaggregate the newest bit inside the all these bits that are motivated from the changes in ladies a job.
Building into prior literary works, i reach a couple standards regarding the motorists out of changes in couples’ economic homogamy between 1968 and 2015. First, we predict one changes in spouses’ monetary resemblance immediately after parenthood often enjoy a major character inside the outlining grows within the couples’ monetary homogamy and also be mostly motivated by the changes in ladies work. Next, i expect one changes in spouses’ economic resemblance in advance of parenthood commonly enjoy an inferior role from inside the outlining grows inside the couples’ monetary homogamy which such changes could be passionate so much more by the shifts within the women’s work patterns between your start of relationships and you may parenthood and you can faster by the alterations in assortative mating as counted at the start out-of relationships. If our expectations is correct, we’ll realize that changes in how parenthood shapes women’s economic benefits so you can household is actually a switch driver of one’s sum out-of economic homogamy so date hot Venice girl you can inequality across families.
Analysis, Products, and you can Measures
While the shown during the Table 1, i explore investigation from three studies so you’re able to make the analyses: the newest 19682015 March Latest People Studies (CPS); the 1960, 1970, and you will 1980 U.S. ); and 19842014 Questionnaire of cash and System Involvement (SIPP) (U.S. Census Agency 2015). This new CPS are the priining style from inside the economic homogamy ahead of and you will immediately after parenthood. It is a combination-sectional household questionnaire which was extensively familiar with research change from inside the inequality in the united states. It is perfect to your research since it has actually large samples, is sold with money information about one another couples, and that’s uniform across the an extended time period. The fresh new CPS has information on age the new oldest youngster in the family, which i used to proxy brand new timing away from entry to the parenthood.
A lot of all of our CPS analyses have confidence in a sample out-of married lovers where partner try age forty five or more youthful and its earliest child is actually many years 010 (N = 333,455 people). New weighted CPS decide to try is actually member of your noninstitutionalized society from heterosexual married couples in the united states in which none mate is in the armed forces, the latest partner is actually many years 45 otherwise young, and also the couple’s eldest youngster is ages 0ten. The newest CPS information yearly generating measures throughout the past seasons, which means that the earnings advertised because of the partners which have a new baby match money in the year before childbearing. I leverage this particular aspect and use couples’ earnings regarding 12 months before childbirth determine pre-birth homogamy and partners regarding a decade immediately after parenthood to measure blog post-delivery homogamy.
Method
New CPS analysis don’t let us to identify brand new timing out of earnings in accordance with parenthood getting partners supposed further straight back than just 1 year ahead of basic birth. One method to grow new pre-birth homogamy size with CPS data, not, is always to is most of the hitched childless couples (see the past line from inside the Dining table step one). So it sensitiveness attempt increases the dimension windows away from earnings to help you alot more than the entire year just before beginning, where earnings might be influenced by pregnancy; it evaluation the fresh new awareness of our leads to changes in options for the parenthood, given that not every one of those partners usually transition so you’re able to parenthood inside the then age. In other susceptibility analyses, i along with develop this new dimensions window out-of article-birth homogamy to incorporate people with an earliest own child age 018. We restrict the main sample in order to younger mothers to attenuate the latest addition out of repartnered couples, attrition due to split up, and you can earlier people which have people out from the household for example perhaps not claimed towards CPS lineup.